2007-06-19

hitopadeśa 001 宏文

         hitopadeśa箴言書     宏文

Prologue

Text1

सिद्धिः साध्ये सताम् अस्तु प्रसादात् तस्य धूर्जटेः।

जाह्नवी-फेन-लेखेव यन्-मूर्ध्नि शशिनः कला॥१॥


siddhiḥ sādhye satām astu prasādāt tasya dhūrjaṭeḥ |

jāhnavī-phena-lekheva yan-mūrdhni śaśinaḥ kalā ||1||

siddhis sādhye satām astu prasādāt tasya dhūrjaṭes |

jāhnavī-phena-lekhā iva yat-mūrdhni śaśinas kalā ||1||


由於濕婆的憐憫,善人們會完成他們的心願。在濕婆神頭上的新月,有如恒河


上的波紋。


siddhis: (siddhi) ( sidh-4) f.sg.N. 完成,成就。支配L

sādhye: (sādhya) (sādh-1,5) fpp.m.sg.L. 實現。(受到siddhis的支配)

sādh-ya (fpp.) sādhya sādhye

satām: (sat) (as-2) ppr.m.pl.G. 賢者,智者

as弱語基s-at (ppr.) sat satām

astu: (as-2) impv.3.sg.p. (在此,命令法表願望)

prasādāt tasya dhūrjates 由於這個濕婆神的憐憫


prasādāt: (prasāda) m.sg.Ab. 仁慈,憐憫。Ab表原因,理由


tasya: (tat) dem.pron → adj.m.sg.G. 這個。修飾dhūrjates


dhūrjates: (dhūrjati) m.sg.G. 有髮髻者,濕婆神(Śiva)的稱號


jāhnavī-phena-lekhā iva 有如恒河上的波紋。jāhnavīphena-lekhā的關係


是依主釋(位格關係)。若翻譯成「恒河的波紋」時,也可以是依主釋(屬格關


係)。


jāhnavī: f. 恒河


phena: m. 泡沫


lekhā: (lekhā) f.sg.N. 條紋,輪廓


iva: adv. 如,好像


yat-mūrdhni 在濕婆神的頭上


yat: (yat) rel.pron. 指濕婆神


mūrdhni: (mūrdhan) m.sg.L. 頭頂上


śaśinas: (śaśin) m.sg.G. 月亮(śaśa是兔子,加in表示擁有兔子者,就是月亮)。


修飾kalā


kalā: (kalā) f.sg.N. 一部分



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